Lymphatic filariasis control in Tanga Region, Tanzania: status after eight rounds of mass drug administration
Identifieur interne : 002901 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 002900; suivant : 002902Lymphatic filariasis control in Tanga Region, Tanzania: status after eight rounds of mass drug administration
Auteurs : Paul E. Simonsen [Danemark] ; Yahya A. Derua [Tanzanie] ; Stephen M. Magesa [Tanzanie] ; Erling M. Pedersen [Danemark] ; Anna-Sofie Stensgaard [Danemark] ; Mwelecele N. Malecela [Tanzanie] ; William N. Kisinza [Tanzanie]Source :
- Parasites & Vectors [ 1756-3305 ] ; 2014.
Descripteurs français
- KwdFr :
- Animaux, Antihelminthiques (administration et posologie), Contrôle des maladies contagieuses (), Culicidae (parasitologie), Enfant, Femelle, Filariose lymphatique (), Filariose lymphatique (parasitologie), Filariose lymphatique (traitement médicamenteux), Filariose lymphatique (épidémiologie), Humains, Mâle, Population rurale, Tanzanie (épidémiologie), Vecteurs insectes (parasitologie), Wuchereria bancrofti (isolement et purification), Wuchereria bancrofti (physiologie).
- MESH :
- administration et posologie : Antihelminthiques.
- isolement et purification : Wuchereria bancrofti.
- parasitologie : Culicidae, Filariose lymphatique, Vecteurs insectes.
- physiologie : Wuchereria bancrofti.
- traitement médicamenteux : Filariose lymphatique.
- épidémiologie : Filariose lymphatique, Tanzanie.
- Animaux, Contrôle des maladies contagieuses, Enfant, Femelle, Filariose lymphatique, Humains, Mâle, Population rurale.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Animals, Anthelmintics (administration & dosage), Child, Communicable Disease Control (methods), Culicidae (parasitology), Elephantiasis, Filarial (drug therapy), Elephantiasis, Filarial (epidemiology), Elephantiasis, Filarial (parasitology), Elephantiasis, Filarial (prevention & control), Female, Humans, Insect Vectors (parasitology), Male, Rural Population, Tanzania (epidemiology), Wuchereria bancrofti (isolation & purification), Wuchereria bancrofti (physiology).
- MESH :
- chemical , administration & dosage : Anthelmintics.
- geographic , epidemiology : Tanzania.
- drug therapy : Elephantiasis, Filarial.
- epidemiology : Elephantiasis, Filarial.
- isolation & purification : Wuchereria bancrofti.
- methods : Communicable Disease Control.
- parasitology : Culicidae, Elephantiasis, Filarial, Insect Vectors.
- physiology : Wuchereria bancrofti.
- prevention & control : Elephantiasis, Filarial.
- Animals, Child, Female, Humans, Male, Rural Population.
Abstract
Lymphatic filariasis (LF) control started in Tanga Region of Tanzania in 2004, with annual ivermectin/albendazole mass drug administration (MDA). Since then, the current project has monitored the effect in communities and schools in rural areas of Tanga District. In 2013, after 8 rounds of MDA, spot check surveys were added in the other 7 districts of Tanga Region, to assess the regional LF status.
LF vector and transmission surveillance, and human cross sectional surveys in communities and schools, continued in Tanga District as previously reported. In each of the other 7 districts, 2–3 spot check sites were selected and about 200 schoolchildren were examined for circulating filarial antigens (CFA). At 1–2 of the sites in each district, additional about 200 community volunteers were examined for CFA and chronic LF disease, and the CFA positives were re-examined for microfilariae (mf).
The downward trend in LF transmission and human infection previously reported for Tanga District continued, with prevalences after MDA 8 reaching 15.5% and 3.5% for CFA and mf in communities (decrease by 75.5% and 89.6% from baseline) and 2.3% for CFA in schoolchildren (decrease by 90.9% from baseline). Surprisingly, the prevalence of chronic LF morbidity after MDA 8 was less than half of baseline records. No infective vector mosquitoes were detected after MDA 7. Spot checks in the other districts after MDA 8 showed relatively high LF burdens in the coastal districts. LF burdens gradually decreased when moving to districts further inland and with higher altitudes.
LF was still widespread in many parts of Tanga Region after MDA 8, in particular in the coastal areas. This calls for intensified control, which should include increased MDA treatment coverage, strengthening of bed net usage, and more male focus in LF health information dissemination. The low LF burdens observed in some inland districts suggest that MDA in these could be stepped down to provide more resources for upscale of control in the coastal areas. Monitoring should continue to guide the programme to ensure that the current major achievements will ultimately lead to successful LF elimination.
Url:
DOI: 10.1186/s13071-014-0507-5
PubMed: 25387483
PubMed Central: 4233105
Affiliations:
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Malecela</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff5">National Institute for Medical Research, P.O. Box 9653, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Tanzanie</country><wicri:regionArea>National Institute for Medical Research, P.O. Box 9653, Dar es Salaam</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Dar es Salaam</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kisinza, William N" sort="Kisinza, William N" uniqKey="Kisinza W" first="William N" last="Kisinza">William N. Kisinza</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff2">National Institute for Medical Research, Amani Medical Research Centre, P.O. Box 81, Muheza, Tanzania</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Tanzanie</country><wicri:regionArea>National Institute for Medical Research, Amani Medical Research Centre, P.O. 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Simonsen</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff1">Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Dyrlægevej 100, 1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Danemark</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Dyrlægevej 100, 1870 Frederiksberg C</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>1870 Frederiksberg C</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Derua, Yahya A" sort="Derua, Yahya A" uniqKey="Derua Y" first="Yahya A" last="Derua">Yahya A. Derua</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff2">National Institute for Medical Research, Amani Medical Research Centre, P.O. Box 81, Muheza, Tanzania</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Tanzanie</country><wicri:regionArea>National Institute for Medical Research, Amani Medical Research Centre, P.O. Box 81, Muheza</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Muheza</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Magesa, Stephen M" sort="Magesa, Stephen M" uniqKey="Magesa S" first="Stephen M" last="Magesa">Stephen M. Magesa</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff3">RTI International, Global Health Division, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Tanzanie</country><wicri:regionArea>RTI International, Global Health Division, Dar es Salaam</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Dar es Salaam</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pedersen, Erling M" sort="Pedersen, Erling M" uniqKey="Pedersen E" first="Erling M" last="Pedersen">Erling M. Pedersen</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff1">Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Dyrlægevej 100, 1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Danemark</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Dyrlægevej 100, 1870 Frederiksberg C</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>1870 Frederiksberg C</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Stensgaard, Anna Sofie" sort="Stensgaard, Anna Sofie" uniqKey="Stensgaard A" first="Anna-Sofie" last="Stensgaard">Anna-Sofie Stensgaard</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff1">Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Dyrlægevej 100, 1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Danemark</country><wicri:regionArea>Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Dyrlægevej 100, 1870 Frederiksberg C</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>1870 Frederiksberg C</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff4">Center for Macroecology, Evolution and Climate, Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Danemark</country><wicri:regionArea>Center for Macroecology, Evolution and Climate, Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, 2100 Copenhagen Ø</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>2100 Copenhagen Ø</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Malecela, Mwelecele N" sort="Malecela, Mwelecele N" uniqKey="Malecela M" first="Mwelecele N" last="Malecela">Mwelecele N. Malecela</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff5">National Institute for Medical Research, P.O. Box 9653, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Tanzanie</country><wicri:regionArea>National Institute for Medical Research, P.O. Box 9653, Dar es Salaam</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Dar es Salaam</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kisinza, William N" sort="Kisinza, William N" uniqKey="Kisinza W" first="William N" last="Kisinza">William N. Kisinza</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff2">National Institute for Medical Research, Amani Medical Research Centre, P.O. Box 81, Muheza, Tanzania</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Tanzanie</country><wicri:regionArea>National Institute for Medical Research, Amani Medical Research Centre, P.O. Box 81, Muheza</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Muheza</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Parasites & Vectors</title><idno type="eISSN">1756-3305</idno><imprint><date when="2014">2014</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Animals</term><term>Anthelmintics (administration & dosage)</term><term>Child</term><term>Communicable Disease Control (methods)</term><term>Culicidae (parasitology)</term><term>Elephantiasis, Filarial (drug therapy)</term><term>Elephantiasis, Filarial (epidemiology)</term><term>Elephantiasis, Filarial (parasitology)</term><term>Elephantiasis, Filarial (prevention & control)</term><term>Female</term><term>Humans</term><term>Insect Vectors (parasitology)</term><term>Male</term><term>Rural Population</term><term>Tanzania (epidemiology)</term><term>Wuchereria bancrofti (isolation & purification)</term><term>Wuchereria bancrofti (physiology)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="KwdFr" xml:lang="fr"><term>Animaux</term><term>Antihelminthiques (administration et posologie)</term><term>Contrôle des maladies contagieuses ()</term><term>Culicidae (parasitologie)</term><term>Enfant</term><term>Femelle</term><term>Filariose lymphatique ()</term><term>Filariose lymphatique (parasitologie)</term><term>Filariose lymphatique (traitement médicamenteux)</term><term>Filariose lymphatique (épidémiologie)</term><term>Humains</term><term>Mâle</term><term>Population rurale</term><term>Tanzanie (épidémiologie)</term><term>Vecteurs insectes (parasitologie)</term><term>Wuchereria bancrofti (isolement et purification)</term><term>Wuchereria bancrofti (physiologie)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="administration & dosage" xml:lang="en"><term>Anthelmintics</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="geographic" qualifier="epidemiology" xml:lang="en"><term>Tanzania</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="administration et posologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Antihelminthiques</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="drug therapy" xml:lang="en"><term>Elephantiasis, Filarial</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="epidemiology" xml:lang="en"><term>Elephantiasis, Filarial</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="isolation & purification" xml:lang="en"><term>Wuchereria bancrofti</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="isolement et purification" xml:lang="fr"><term>Wuchereria bancrofti</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="methods" xml:lang="en"><term>Communicable Disease Control</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="parasitologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Culicidae</term><term>Filariose lymphatique</term><term>Vecteurs insectes</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="parasitology" xml:lang="en"><term>Culicidae</term><term>Elephantiasis, Filarial</term><term>Insect Vectors</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="physiologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Wuchereria bancrofti</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="physiology" xml:lang="en"><term>Wuchereria bancrofti</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="prevention & control" xml:lang="en"><term>Elephantiasis, Filarial</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="traitement médicamenteux" xml:lang="fr"><term>Filariose lymphatique</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="épidémiologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Filariose lymphatique</term><term>Tanzanie</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Animals</term><term>Child</term><term>Female</term><term>Humans</term><term>Male</term><term>Rural Population</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="fr"><term>Animaux</term><term>Contrôle des maladies contagieuses</term><term>Enfant</term><term>Femelle</term><term>Filariose lymphatique</term><term>Humains</term><term>Mâle</term><term>Population rurale</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Lymphatic filariasis (LF) control started in Tanga Region of Tanzania in 2004, with annual ivermectin/albendazole mass drug administration (MDA). Since then, the current project has monitored the effect in communities and schools in rural areas of Tanga District. In 2013, after 8 rounds of MDA, spot check surveys were added in the other 7 districts of Tanga Region, to assess the regional LF status.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>LF vector and transmission surveillance, and human cross sectional surveys in communities and schools, continued in Tanga District as previously reported. In each of the other 7 districts, 2–3 spot check sites were selected and about 200 schoolchildren were examined for circulating filarial antigens (CFA). At 1–2 of the sites in each district, additional about 200 community volunteers were examined for CFA and chronic LF disease, and the CFA positives were re-examined for microfilariae (mf).</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>The downward trend in LF transmission and human infection previously reported for Tanga District continued, with prevalences after MDA 8 reaching 15.5% and 3.5% for CFA and mf in communities (decrease by 75.5% and 89.6% from baseline) and 2.3% for CFA in schoolchildren (decrease by 90.9% from baseline). Surprisingly, the prevalence of chronic LF morbidity after MDA 8 was less than half of baseline records. No infective vector mosquitoes were detected after MDA 7. Spot checks in the other districts after MDA 8 showed relatively high LF burdens in the coastal districts. LF burdens gradually decreased when moving to districts further inland and with higher altitudes.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>LF was still widespread in many parts of Tanga Region after MDA 8, in particular in the coastal areas. This calls for intensified control, which should include increased MDA treatment coverage, strengthening of bed net usage, and more male focus in LF health information dissemination. The low LF burdens observed in some inland districts suggest that MDA in these could be stepped down to provide more resources for upscale of control in the coastal areas. Monitoring should continue to guide the programme to ensure that the current major achievements will ultimately lead to successful LF elimination.</p></sec></div></front><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Simonsen, Pe" uniqKey="Simonsen P">PE Simonsen</name></author><author><name sortKey="Fischer, Pu" uniqKey="Fischer P">PU Fischer</name></author><author><name sortKey="Hoerauf, A" uniqKey="Hoerauf A">A Hoerauf</name></author><author><name sortKey="Weil, Gj" uniqKey="Weil G">GJ Weil</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Ottesen, Ea" uniqKey="Ottesen E">EA Ottesen</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Hotez, Pj" uniqKey="Hotez P">PJ Hotez</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kamath, A" uniqKey="Kamath A">A Kamath</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Malecela, Mn" uniqKey="Malecela M">MN Malecela</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lazarus, W" uniqKey="Lazarus W">W Lazarus</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mwingira, U" uniqKey="Mwingira U">U Mwingira</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mwakitalu, E" uniqKey="Mwakitalu E">E Mwakitalu</name></author><author><name sortKey="Makene, C" uniqKey="Makene C">C Makene</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kabali, C" uniqKey="Kabali C">C Kabali</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mackenzie, C" uniqKey="Mackenzie C">C Mackenzie</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Minjas, Jn" uniqKey="Minjas J">JN Minjas</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kihamia, Cn" uniqKey="Kihamia C">CN Kihamia</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Mcmahon, Je" uniqKey="Mcmahon J">JE McMahon</name></author><author><name 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sortKey="Bockarie, Mj" uniqKey="Bockarie M">MJ Bockarie</name></author><author><name sortKey="Michael, E" uniqKey="Michael E">E Michael</name></author><author><name sortKey="Siba, Pm" uniqKey="Siba P">PM Siba</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kazura, Jw" uniqKey="Kazura J">JW Kazura</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Richards, Fo" uniqKey="Richards F">FO Richards</name></author><author><name sortKey="Emukah, E" uniqKey="Emukah E">E Emukah</name></author><author><name sortKey="Graves, Pm" uniqKey="Graves P">PM Graves</name></author><author><name sortKey="Nkwocha, O" uniqKey="Nkwocha O">O Nkwocha</name></author><author><name sortKey="Nwankwo, L" uniqKey="Nwankwo L">L Nwankwo</name></author><author><name sortKey="Rakers, L" uniqKey="Rakers L">L Rakers</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mosher, A" uniqKey="Mosher A">A Mosher</name></author><author><name sortKey="Patterson, A" uniqKey="Patterson A">A Patterson</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ozaki, M" uniqKey="Ozaki M">M Ozaki</name></author><author><name sortKey="Nwoke, Beb" uniqKey="Nwoke B">BEB Nwoke</name></author><author><name sortKey="Ukaga, Cn" uniqKey="Ukaga C">CN Ukaga</name></author><author><name sortKey="Njoku, C" uniqKey="Njoku C">C Njoku</name></author><author><name sortKey="Nwodu, K" uniqKey="Nwodu K">K Nwodu</name></author><author><name sortKey="Obasi, A" uniqKey="Obasi A">A Obasi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Miri, Es" uniqKey="Miri E">ES Miri</name></author></analytic></biblStruct></listBibl></div1></back></TEI><affiliations><list><country><li>Danemark</li><li>Tanzanie</li></country></list><tree><country name="Danemark"><noRegion><name sortKey="Simonsen, Paul E" sort="Simonsen, Paul E" uniqKey="Simonsen P" first="Paul E" last="Simonsen">Paul E. Simonsen</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Pedersen, Erling M" sort="Pedersen, Erling M" uniqKey="Pedersen E" first="Erling M" last="Pedersen">Erling M. Pedersen</name><name sortKey="Stensgaard, Anna Sofie" sort="Stensgaard, Anna Sofie" uniqKey="Stensgaard A" first="Anna-Sofie" last="Stensgaard">Anna-Sofie Stensgaard</name><name sortKey="Stensgaard, Anna Sofie" sort="Stensgaard, Anna Sofie" uniqKey="Stensgaard A" first="Anna-Sofie" last="Stensgaard">Anna-Sofie Stensgaard</name></country><country name="Tanzanie"><noRegion><name sortKey="Derua, Yahya A" sort="Derua, Yahya A" uniqKey="Derua Y" first="Yahya A" last="Derua">Yahya A. Derua</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Kisinza, William N" sort="Kisinza, William N" uniqKey="Kisinza W" first="William N" last="Kisinza">William N. Kisinza</name><name sortKey="Magesa, Stephen M" sort="Magesa, Stephen M" uniqKey="Magesa S" first="Stephen M" last="Magesa">Stephen M. Magesa</name><name sortKey="Malecela, Mwelecele N" sort="Malecela, Mwelecele N" uniqKey="Malecela M" first="Mwelecele N" last="Malecela">Mwelecele N. Malecela</name></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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